IntroductionFloat glass is a pivotal material in modern architecture and industrial applications, known for its uniform thickness and flat surfaces. A critical characteristic of float glass is the distinction between its tin side and air side, a result of its unique manufacturing process. Identifyin

IntroductionIn the manufacturing of float glass, understanding which surface of the glass has the tin deposit is crucial for various applications and quality control processes. The float glass process, developed in the 1950s, revolutionized the glass industry by allowing the production of large, fla

IntroductionpH sensors play a critical role in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, water treatment, and chemical manufacturing. The accurate measurement of pH levels is essential for maintaining product quality, ensuring safety, and optimizing processes. Understanding t